Project SICAPERMA

Sustainable Innovation investment Catapult for Permanent Magnets

Web page: sicaperma.eu

European manufacturing relies on permanent magnets for wind energy, electric mobility, hard disc drives, appliances and other digital and low-carbon technologies. Neodymium-iron-boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnets are particularly important, but Europe remains highly dependent on external supplies of the rare earth elements required to manufacture them. At the same time, permanent magnet recycling capacity and an integrated European value chain remain limited. Collection and dismantling are costly, end-of-life products vary widely, and promising recycling technologies often struggle to progress towards industrial deployment.

SICAPERMA addresses these challenges by connecting 14 organisations across seven countries and 11 regions, with particular attention to less developed and transition regions. It will establish an interregional value chain covering the collection and dismantling of magnets from appliances, electrical and electronic equipment and hard disc drives; their conversion into ingots, flakes, powders and pellets; the manufacture of recycled sintered and bonded magnets; and their integration into industrial applications.

Three connected demonstration pilots will cover the full recycling cycle. The first will focus on multi-stream dismantling and material processing, the second on the production of recycled sintered and bonded magnets, and the third on their integration and testing in wave energy converters, electric motors, safety switches and robotic grippers. Environmental and economic assessments will compare these processes with magnets manufactured from primary materials. SICAPERMA will also work with regional ecosystems, small and medium-sized enterprises, research organisations, clusters, funders and investors to prepare the replication and wider industrial deployment of the value chain across the EU.

Our role in the project

Communication and dissemination

Project objectives

1

To advance sintered and bonded Nd-Fe-B recycling technologies from Technology Readiness Levels 7–8 towards Level 9 by demonstrating three profitable industrial pilots and assessing their technical, economic, environmental and scale-up performance.

2

To demonstrate economically viable sintered and bonded Nd-Fe-B technologies at industrial scale across the full value chain, from dismantling and processing to magnet production and reuse, supporting new high-value products and services and strengthening EU resilience and the green and digital transitions.

3

To attract, engage and retain permanent magnet stakeholders in a structured EU recycling ecosystem covering collection, dismantling, processing and remanufacturing, with the involvement of regional bodies, clusters, research organisations, SMEs and end-user companies.

4

To deploy permanent magnet recycling processes across EU regions and support wider replication by connecting less developed, transition and developed regions through joint innovation investments in at least three regions, guided by regional Smart Specialisation Strategies.

5

To mobilise private and public funding for technology transfer, cross-sectoral and cross-regional collaboration, manufacturing hubs and further SME-led projects, connecting corporate and investor interests with relevant EU and regional funding opportunities.

Main results

Pilot 1 – Multi-stream dismantling and material processing

A demonstrated pathway for collecting, dismantling, sorting and processing Nd-Fe-B magnets from appliances, electrical and electronic equipment and hard disc drives, producing ingots, flakes, powders and pellets for subsequent magnet manufacturing.

Pilot 2 – Recycled permanent magnet production

Demonstrated industrial processes for manufacturing sintered and bonded Nd-Fe-B magnets from recycled materials, including hot-forming and injection-moulding routes and the corresponding quality controls.

Pilot 3 – Integration in industrial applications

Validation of recycled magnets in wave energy converters, axial and traction motors, safety switches and robotic grippers, including comparative performance testing and feedback to improve the materials and manufacturing processes.

Environmental and economic assessment

Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Costing analyses comparing the recycling, manufacturing and integration routes with magnets produced from primary raw materials, identifying environmental and economic performance, circularity and potential areas for improvement.

Replication and investment framework

An end-of-life strategy, policy recommendations, regional recycling hubs, investment cases and financial models designed to support the transfer and replication of SICAPERMA technologies in other EU regions.

Expected impact

By the end of SICAPERMA, SMEs, manufacturers, recyclers and industrial end users are expected to have evidence on the technical, economic and environmental viability of magnet-to-magnet recycling. The demonstrated processes and application tests should provide a stronger basis for investment in recycled sintered and bonded magnets and their introduction into demanding industrial applications.

At regional and European level, SICAPERMA seeks to connect less developed, transition and developed regions around a circular Nd-Fe-B value chain. The creation of regional hubs, replication cases and links with public and private funders is designed to facilitate technology transfer, strengthen industrial capacity and reduce Europe’s dependence on imported primary magnets.

SICAPERMA’s long-term scenario envisages the replication of recycling capacity through 21 plants by 2050. This expansion has the potential to support approximately 5,900 direct jobs, generate €1.8 billion in revenue and achieve a net margin of nearly €280 million. It is also expected to contribute to savings of 95 million tonnes of CO₂ by 2050, while reducing waste, demand for virgin raw materials and the environmental pressures associated with rare earth extraction and processing. These figures represent projected potential rather than guaranteed outcomes.